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May the 27th, 1942, Prague,
Czechoslovakia. A powerful Mercedes

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hairpin bend.

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A young man steps out, aiming a machine
gun. It jams.

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A second man throws a powerful grenade,
fatally wounding one of Adolf Hitler's

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most bloodthirsty henchmen.

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June the 4th, 1942, Prague.

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Eight days after the shooting, Reinhard
Heydrich, one of the most feared men in

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the Nazi Reich, is dead of blood
poisoning.

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Hitler's rage is terrible, and the
German reprisals appalling.

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Two villages are razed to the ground,
and thousands of people murdered.

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Knowing that the Nazis would react with
bestial ferocity, Who would have dared

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to murder one of the most powerful and
sinister members of the ruling clique?

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The men who carry out the assassination
have been well equipped, and clearly

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know Heydrich's movements in detail.

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The rise of Reinhard Heydrich, who is
only 38 when he dies, has been

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extraordinarily rapid.

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Born on March 7, 1904, in Halle, Saxony,

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He is the son of the founder of the
local conservatory for music, theatre

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teaching.

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Heydrich becomes an accomplished
violinist.

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He joins the small navy of the Weimar
Republic and gets a commission.

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But in 1931 he is dismissed for conduct
unbecoming of a naval officer.

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Apparently he is seduced and then failed
to marry the daughter of one of his

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superiors.

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When Heydrich returns to civilian life,
Germany is in turmoil.

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The Great Depression has brought mass
unemployment.

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Extremist parties like the Nazis of
Adolf Hitler and the Communists are

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Seeing an opportunity, in 1932 Heydrich
applies to join the SS, the elite of the

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Nazi movement.

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He is interviewed by its leader,
Heinrich Himmler.

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and impresses him so much that he
becomes his assistant, with special

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responsibility for intelligence and
counter -espionage.

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It's a good career move, for in January
1933, Hitler becomes Chancellor.

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Immediately, the Nazis begin to
eliminate the opposition and introduce

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against Germany's Jewish population.

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Himmler and Heydrich move swiftly to
take over policing and internal security

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throughout the Reich.

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Hitler's deputy, Hermann Göring, even
hands over to them the secret police

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he has founded, the Gestapo, as part of
a deal to resist the rise of Ernst Röhm,

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the head of the Nazis' mass paramilitary
movement, the SA.

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June, 1934, Berlin.

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Heydrich is instrumental in planning and
carrying out the purge of Ernst Röhm

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and the SA, the Night of the Long
Knives.

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He and Himmler are now among the most
powerful and sinister figures in

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And in 1936, Heydrich consolidates his
position by becoming head of the

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Sicherheitsdienst, or SD.

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the Reich Security Service.

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Two years later, Hitler begins the
aggressive expansion of his empire by

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annexing Austria.

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Then, in September 1938, Neville
Chamberlain, Prime Minister of Great

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accepts the Munich Agreement, allowing
Hitler to occupy the Sudetenland, the

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area of western Czechoslovakia with a
largely Germanic population.

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The Czech Prime Minister, Eduard Beneš,
resigns and then flees to England.

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Within six months, Hitler has completed
the dismemberment of Czechoslovakia by

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occupying Bohemia and Moravia.

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Slovakia is left as a puppet state.

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Konstantin von Nurat is appointed
Reichsprotector of Bohemia and Moravia

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introduces a brutal regime of repression
and anti -Semitism.

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Then, in September 1939, Hitler
precipitates World War II by invading

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And then occupying Belgium, the
Netherlands, France, Denmark and Norway

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blitzkrieg campaigns during the spring
and early summer of 1940.

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Even though Britain remains undefeated,
she is so isolated that Hitler has no

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concerns about turning his attention
east.

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In June 1941, the German invasion of the
Soviet Union massively expands the war.

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Heydrich's main responsibility is to set
up Einsatzgruppen, special task forces,

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to eliminate communist officials and
Jews within the occupied territories.

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They set to work with enthusiasm,
organizing mass searches and executions.

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Even though the German campaign
initially goes well, with the panzers

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deep into the Soviet Union and millions
of prisoners being taken, it is felt

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that the Czechs, with their first -rate
armaments industry, could be

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contributing more to the war effort.

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September 1941, Prague.

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The Reich, protector of Bohemia and
Moravia...

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von Nurath is sidelined as being too
weak and Heydrich brought in as his

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He starts by striking a major blow
against the Czech resistance with over 4

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arrests and 400 executions.

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But cunningly he balances this with
improved rations, working conditions and

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pay. so as to get the Czech factories
humming again.

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Alongside the other nations occupied by
the Germans, a Czech government in exile

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has been set up in Britain by Benes, and
Czech exiles have been formed into

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military units to prepare for the
liberation of their country.

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The feeling is soon spreading that the
Czechs are being too cooperative with

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Germans.

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And in late 1941, the decision is made
to assassinate Heydrich, even though it

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is obvious that the German reaction will
be brutal.

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Volunteers to do the job are selected
from the Free Czech Forces training in

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Scotland.

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They are Josef Gabcik, a locksmith from
Slovakia, and Jan Kubiš, a farmer's son

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from Arabia.

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Both are former NCOs in the Czech Army,
who had fled to France and joined Czech

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forces there.

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After the fall of France, both had
escaped to Britain and joined the Free

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Units.

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The two men are sent to be trained by
Britain's Special Operations Executive

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clandestine warfare and assassination
methods.

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The operation to assassinate Heydrich is
codenamed Anthropoid.

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December 28, 1941, southern England.

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A bomber carrying Kubitsch and Gabchik
takes off from a secret base near

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It is a long and dangerous flight across
Nazi -occupied territory without any

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fighter escort.

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The two men land by parachute near the
village of Novizhdy, 20 kilometers from

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Prague.

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The Czech resistance has no knowledge
they are coming, but luckily the first

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person they meet is a member of the
organization.

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He manages to get news of their arrival
to the main resistance group in Prague,

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led by Professor Vladislav Banek.

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And after a few days hiding in the
countryside, it is decided to move them

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the capital.

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They are put in the charge of Jan
Zelenka and hidden in a house belonging

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Maria Moravich, one of whose sons is
serving with the RAF.

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Zelenka is able to put them in touch
with Frantisek Safaric, a carpenter

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at Hradkarni Castle, the headquarters of
the Nazi administration.

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And with his help, they monitor
Heydrich's routine and begin planning

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attack.

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Heydrich travels every day from his
official residence at Panenska Brezhany,

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about 12 miles outside Prague, to
Hradkany Castle in an open Mercedes

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SS -Oberscharführer Klein.

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Contemptuous of the Czechs and convinced
that they are thoroughly cowed, he

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travels without an escort and rarely
varies his route.

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But the road into Prague is open and
uncrowded.

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and Heydrich likes to be driven fast.

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Soon the agents have decided that the
attack should take place at a hairpin

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in the suburb of Liban, where the car
has to slow to a walking pace.

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The corner also has a bus stop just
before it, at which the killers will be

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to loiter without arousing suspicion.

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During the early spring, a third British
-trained agent Josef Walczek is

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parachuted in.

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And the three men now firm up on their
plan.

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Because of the speed at which Heydrich's
car will be approaching, and a slight

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bend, Walczek will be posted as lookout
about 250 yards further back up the

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road.

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When Walczek sights the car, he will
signal with a mirror.

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Gabchik and Kubish should then have time
to get back round the corner and into

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position.

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Gabchik, armed with a submachine gun,
will be the first to attack.

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Kubish, with a specially constructed
armour -piercing grenade, will be the

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backup.

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The assassins will have bicycles hidden
nearby on which to escape.

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In early May, The agents receive
intelligence that Heydrich will be going

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Berlin on the 27th for a conference.

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They decide to make their attempt then,
in case he does not return.

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May the 27th, 1942, Prague.

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The three men meet at the bus stop in
Liban at nine in the morning.

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Valchik takes up his position.

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that they have longer to wait than
expected.

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Perninsky -Burjan.

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Heydrich is an hour late getting on the
road.

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Because he is going to be away for some
days, he delays his departure to say

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goodbye to his family.

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At 10 .30, Valchik finally spots the car
and signals.

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Gabcik and Kubis take up their
positions.

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10 .32, Liban. The Mercedes slows down
for the corner.

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And as it completes the turn and is
almost stationary, Gabcik steps out into

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road and aims at Heydrich.

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He presses the trigger, but the gun
jams.

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And spotting him...

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Heydrich stands up and fumbles for his
pistol.

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As he does so, the chauffeur foolishly
fails to accelerate away.

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Kubisch takes advantage of this to step
forward and lobbies hand grenade at the

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car.

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It explodes and Heydrich takes the full
force of the blast.

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Nevertheless, he staggers out of the car
and starts shooting, followed by his

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chauffeur, Klein.

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He starts firing at Kubitsch, who drops
his briefcase, grabs his bicycle, and

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disappears into the city.

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Gabchik abandons his submachine gun and
races away.

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He's unable to get to his bicycle before
Klein gives chase, firing at him.

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Gabcik ducks into a butcher's shop, but
Klein continues after him until Gabcik

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manages to shoot him down severely
wounded.

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He then escapes by boarding a tram
heading into the city.

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Meanwhile, Heydrich has collapsed and is
rushed to hospital.

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He has severe internal injuries from the
bomb splinters and bits of car

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upholstery which have been embedded in
him.

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Prague is immediately sealed off and a
curfew imposed.

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More than 36 ,000 houses are raided and
over 500 arrests made.

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A reward of 20 ,000 Czech crowns is
offered.

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The coat?

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00:16:01,470 --> 00:16:06,210
Briefcases, bicycle, and British -made
Sten submachine gun are put on display.

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But there are no leads.

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00:16:14,650 --> 00:16:18,770
Hydric is operated on immediately, but
splinters from the bomb have pierced his

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00:16:18,770 --> 00:16:23,550
spleen. Soon, blood poisoning sets in,
and Hydric goes into a coma.

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Without penicillin, which is then only
available in the United States, There is

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nothing his doctors can do.

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June 4, 1942, Prague.

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Heydrich dies, delirious and in
agonizing pain, like so many of his

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The next day his body is taken to lie in
state at Hradkany Castle.

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June the 7th, 1942, Prague.

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00:17:07,500 --> 00:17:11,720
Heydrich's coffin is paraded through the
city, before being taken by train to

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Berlin, where it lies in state in the
new Reich's Chancellery building.

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00:17:18,540 --> 00:17:23,079
On June the 9th, Heydrich's wife and two
sons are comforted by Hitler and the

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00:17:23,079 --> 00:17:25,500
top Nazi chieftains at a funeral
service.

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00:17:26,240 --> 00:17:28,720
Heinrich Himmler gives the funeral
oration.

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00:17:30,320 --> 00:17:31,840
The body is then buried.

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00:17:32,220 --> 00:17:34,040
in the cemetery of fallen heroes.

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00:17:36,800 --> 00:17:41,800
Hitler is apoplectic with rage and
determined that the Czechs will suffer

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00:17:41,800 --> 00:17:43,160
terribly for this outrage.

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As so often with the Nazis, the
retribution will be random and savagely

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disproportionate.

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00:17:55,280 --> 00:17:58,400
June the 10th, 1942, Ledici.

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00:17:59,210 --> 00:18:02,910
Even though there is nothing to connect
it with the killing of Heydrich, this

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00:18:02,910 --> 00:18:06,530
village, 50 miles from Prague, is
selected for destruction.

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00:18:13,650 --> 00:18:17,950
SS execution squads move in and round up
all the inhabitants.

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00:18:19,910 --> 00:18:22,450
173 men and boys over 15 are shot.

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00:18:23,030 --> 00:18:27,390
195 women and 98 children sent to
concentration camps.

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00:18:30,410 --> 00:18:35,090
A few of the youngest children are
spared and placed with Nazi German

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00:18:39,970 --> 00:18:44,470
Once the inhabitants have been disposed
of, the village is destroyed with

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explosives.

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00:18:48,450 --> 00:18:51,010
And every building leveled to the
ground.

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Even the animals are slaughtered.

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00:18:56,330 --> 00:18:59,390
In Prague, the Gestapo and SS killings
continue.

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00:18:59,930 --> 00:19:03,170
More than 800 are dead, but still there
are no leads.

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00:19:09,390 --> 00:19:14,290
Kubis, Gabcik and Balcik have managed to
get back to safe houses and are now

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00:19:14,290 --> 00:19:15,590
being moved constantly.

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00:19:19,870 --> 00:19:24,270
Then the German authorities announced
that June 18th will be the deadline for

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00:19:24,270 --> 00:19:25,270
the killers to be caught.

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00:19:25,570 --> 00:19:26,710
If they are not...

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00:19:27,210 --> 00:19:29,950
Who knows how many more Ledicis will
follow?

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00:19:34,330 --> 00:19:37,450
Throughout Prague, the tension is
becoming unbearable.

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00:19:37,710 --> 00:19:40,590
And finally, one man cracks.

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00:19:49,850 --> 00:19:52,970
June 16th, 1942, Prague.

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00:19:54,990 --> 00:20:00,490
With two days to go until the deadline,
resistance man Karol Kurda goes to the

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00:20:00,490 --> 00:20:05,210
Germans and reveals that Maria Muravich
had been responsible for sheltering at

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00:20:05,210 --> 00:20:06,810
least one of the assassins.

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00:20:11,650 --> 00:20:17,650
As the Gestapo arrives, Maria kills
herself with a cyanide capsule, but her

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00:20:17,650 --> 00:20:19,830
-year -old son, Atta, is captured.

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00:20:22,860 --> 00:20:28,040
He is tortured for 24 hours and refuses
to speak until he is shown his mother's

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severed head and warned that his
father's will soon be beside it.

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Then finally he reveals that the three
assassins and four other resistance men

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have taken cover in the Orthodox Church
of St. Cyril and Methodius.

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June 18, 1942, Prague.

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Jackboots echo in the streets as several
hundred SS troops under the command of

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SS General von Troyenfeld surround the
church.

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Their first attempt to storm the
building is turned back by the

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fighters, but after an hour, a second
assault gets them into the church.

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One of the resistance men, Lieutenant
Adolfo Palka, is cut off.

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and shoots himself.

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Two other severely wounded men are
found.

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Jaroslav Schwarz and then Jan Kubisz.

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The traitor Karol Kurda identifies him.

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The Germans realize that the other
assassins have retreated down into the

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Unwilling to get into a close -quarter
firefight, the SS pump tear gas into it.

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When this is ineffective, they call in
the Prague fire brigade to try to flood

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it.

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But the surviving resistance fighters
continue firing back.

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It is not until 10 in the evening that a
hand -picked SS squad blows up the

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trapdoor and forces its way down.

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After further fighting, the bodies of
Josip Gabcik, Josip Valcik, Josip Bubik,

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and Jan Truby are found.

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Fourteen SS men have also been killed.

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Kurdak confirms that all the assassins
are dead.

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Tragically, it had been planned for them
to move out of Prague the following

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morning.

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The reprisals go on.

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The priests who had sheltered the
resistance men are executed.

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And six months after the assassination
of Heydrich, Another innocent village,

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00:22:51,320 --> 00:22:56,960
the Yechki, is also completely destroyed
and its inhabitants sent to the gas

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chambers.

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In total, more than 1 ,500 people are
killed in reprisal and more than 10 ,000

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sent to concentration camps.

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It is a heavy price to pay for showing
that there is still a resistance in the

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country. and that there are Czechs
prepared to take extreme measures to

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their country's reputation.

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00:23:25,250 --> 00:23:29,810
Almost exactly three years after the
killing of the hangman of Prague, the

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00:23:29,810 --> 00:23:32,770
Soviet army liberates the city from Nazi
rule.

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00:23:36,730 --> 00:23:40,750
Czech president Eduard Beneš returns
from exile in London.

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Now it is time to mete out justice.

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00:23:46,960 --> 00:23:51,960
Carol Curder, who had not hesitated to
accept the 20 ,000 crown reward for

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00:23:51,960 --> 00:23:56,200
betraying the agents, is tracked down,
tried, and hanged.

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So too is SS Gruppenführer Karl Hermann
Frank, who had become acting

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00:24:03,640 --> 00:24:08,300
Reichsprotector of Bohemia and Moravia
after Heydrich's death, and supervised

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the reprisals.

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00:24:15,690 --> 00:24:20,270
Soon afterwards, Kurt De Luger, the SS
officer directly responsible for the

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00:24:20,270 --> 00:24:23,210
massacre at La Diche, follows him to the
gallows.

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It is little compensation for the
hundreds he had murdered.

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Today, the ruins of La Diche still stand
as a testimony to the savagery of the

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Germans.

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On a hill above the remains is a
memorial to the children who were

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Few assassinations can have caused such
direct suffering for so many innocent

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people.

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But few assassinations have had such
symbolic importance.

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By killing Reinhard Heydrich, One of the
most feared and important men in Nazi

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Germany. The team which carried it out,
and the government in exile which sent

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it, showed that Czechoslovakia was still
resisting, no matter what the cost.